他说:这家伙搞竞选真不择手段。他每天都散布谣言中伤我们候选人品德和私生活。好在选民看透了他在撒谎, 所以我们轻而易举就把他击败了。
这里的down and dirty意思是“卑鄙下流的。”
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最后再学一个带有dirty这个词的习惯用语: dirty crack。 Crack可以解释为俏皮话或者幽默的玩笑, 但是前面加上dirty意思可就不同了。我们听个例子来琢磨它的含义是什么。这段话说的是Bob在看一场高中橄榄球赛的时候发生的事情, 当时他的球队输了, 他按捺不住站起身来对着场上的四分卫大叫。
例句-3:Finally Bob made a dirty crack about the quarterback -- he called him so dumb he couldn"t add up two and two. At this the man next to him got up and hit him in the eye: it turns out the quarterback was his son.
Bob对着那名四分卫叫喊说,他笨得连二加二是多少都算不出来。他身边那人听了这话站起身来就一拳击中Bob的眼睛。原来那名四分卫正是他的宝贝儿子。
在大庭广众间大声责骂别人蠢得连最简单的加法都不会, 这种说法可不是什么无伤大雅的俏皮话, 而是带有侮辱意味的挖苦, 难怪那个父亲听了受不了。可见dirty crack是刺伤人的挖苦话。
美国习惯用语第430讲
今天我们要讲的习惯用语是包罗万象。当然, 这不是说这一课要把所有的习惯用语都包括在内, 而是说今天要谈的习惯用语的意思都是“一古脑儿统统在内,”而且它们有个共同的词: whole。大家一定知道, whole这个词就解释为“全部的。” 我们要学的第一个习惯用语是:the whole shooting match。 Shooting match原来的意思是射击比赛。
打枪是早年在美国新大陆谋生所必不可少的本领, 因为他们既需要猎取野物, 又得用枪防身。而且在当年的荒山野地里射击还是唯一的消遣娱乐活动, 人们常常会集到一块儿来进行shooting match, 看谁的枪法最准, 而奖品则往往是火鸡或猪。所以shooting match还是当年拓荒生活的一大盛举。然而我们不清楚为什么the whole shooting match被用来表示“全部, 一切,” 只知道从 1750年前后起, 人们就这样说了。
听个例子吧。这段话说的是个有钱的老人。他的亲戚们眼巴巴地盼望着分他的遗产。我们要听听当他果真去世后, 却发生了什么。
例句-1:At least a dozen relatives with smiles on their faces came to hear the lawyer read the will. Imagine their shock to hear he"d left the whole shooting match to a young lady friend.
他说:至少有一打亲戚都满面笑容地赶来听律师宣读遗嘱, 当听到他把遗产一古脑儿全给了他那年轻的女朋友时候, 他们简直象遭到晴天霹雳一样。
The whole shooting match意思是“全部, 一切。”
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再学个意义相似的习惯用语: the whole kit and caboodle。 习惯用语the whole kit and caboodle存在至今有一百五十来年了。 Kit解释为一套设备, 而caboodle可能来自一个古老的荷兰语词汇。原意是“产业、财产。”在口语中有“一整套”的意思。所以the whole kit and caboodle组成短语就是“一切所有”了。
接下来我们要听个例子。说话的人在回忆自己和妻子的年青时代, 当时他们虽然一贫如洗, 但是勇于冒险, 富有闯劲, 有四海为家的精神。
例句-2:Moving was easy back then. We decided to move to California, so we loaded everything we owned - the whole kit and caboodle - in our old car and we drove all the way across the USA.
他说:当年搬家可真方便。我们决定要搬到加州去, 于是把自己的一切所有往我们那旧车上一装, 就开车上路横跨整个美国了。
这段话里的the whole kit and caboodle意思是“一切所有。”
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最后再学个同样意思的习惯用语: the whole shebang。专家认为shebang这个词来自爱尔兰。原来指一种简陋的小房子, 人们专门在那儿私下酿造和出售whisky。至于the whole shebang怎么会被借用来表示“全部”的呢? 这已经无从查考了。实际上很多习惯用语都是普通民众创造的。他们别出心裁, 寻求新颖的方式来表达日常的老生常谈, 使得语言更有趣味, 而一旦这个新说法迎合大众的心意, 它就广为流传, 逐渐汇入日常生活中的语言主流了。所以学术专家们往往找不到那些习惯用语的出典。
我们还是听个例子吧。它用了the whole shebang这个习惯用语。说话的人要告诉我们他叔叔服装店发生的一场火灾。火灾中发生了什么事情, 请特别注意其中的习惯用语the whole shebang。
例句-3:The fire got out of control, and burned everything: the goods, the furniture, the records - the whole shebang. It was a total loss - a good thing uncle had plenty of fire insurance.
他说:大火来势凶猛无法控制, 货物, 家具, 帐本等全都化为乌有。幸亏叔叔买了数额不小的火险。
这里的the whole shebang意思也是“全部, 一切。”
流行美语第279课
李华到中国去做研究,要走三个月,热恋中的Larry十分思念李华。李华的好友王小燕打电话给Larry安慰他。
(Phone Rings)
LL: Hello.
XY: Hi, Larry. 我是李华的朋友小燕。你好吗?
LL: Well, Gee whiz! Xiaoyan, I haven"t heard from you in a long time! What a surprise!
XY: (笑)。是啊,Larry, 好久没联系了,不过,我的名字是王小燕,不是“Gee Whiz Xiaoyan”。
LL: Oh, "Gee whiz"is an expression of surprise or amazement in English, Xiaoyan. I was so surprised to hear your voice, that I said "gee whiz" without really thinking about it.
XY: 哦,gee whiz是感到意外,表示吃惊的意思。我希望接到我的电话是一个意外的惊喜!
LL: Oh, it is definitely a good surprise, Xiaoyan. "Gee whiz" is often used in good situations when something really amazing happens.
XY: 我那天听李华说,她要回中国去做研究。
LL: That"s right. Li Hua was awarded a scholarship to do her research.
XY: Gee whiz, 李华这家伙,怎么没告诉我奖学金的事!这可是个好消息。
LL: You are right. It is great news. But, you know, Xiaoyan, I"m really going to miss Li Hua. She will be gone for three whole months!
XY: Gee whiz! 三个月确实不短,不过你放心,一眨眼就过去了。
LL: That"s true. So, Xiaoyan, how are you doing?
XY: 挺好的。我现在是中国城一家餐馆的领班了。
LL: You got a new job? Gee whiz, that is great news, Xiaoyan. I"m really happy for you.
XY: 我也很高兴。你知道吗?老板对我很好,餐馆的饭菜也很好吃。
LL: So, which restaurant are you working at, Xiaoyan?
XY: 你听说过金龙吗?
LL: Gee whiz, the Golden Dragon is one of the best Chinese restaurants in New York City! I"ll have to come sometime when you are working.
******
XY: 现在李华不在,你过得怎么样,Larry?
LL: Well, Li Hua left for China three days ago. I"m feeling a little sad, but I am holding up.
XY: Holding up? 李华走了,你再伤心也不用去抢银行啊!
LL: Gee whiz, Xiaoyan, your English is really good! We do say that bank robbers "hold up" a bank. But I didn"t mean when I said I was "holding up" that I was going to go and rob a bank.
XY: 不是抢银行?那你说的holding up是什么意思?
LL: I meant that I was doing okay. When a person says they are "holding up," they mean that while they are sad or times are tough, they are going ahead with their daily life as best as they can.
XY: 这么说你过得还可以喽?那我就放心了。
LL: But you know, Xiaoyan, it has only been three days since Li Hua left. I am not sure how long I can hold up before I start really missing her.
XY: 最好的办法就是给自己找事做,千万不能闲下来。我那天跟John就是这么说的。
LL: John Smith? I know John, too. What is going on with John?
XY: 公司裁员,他因为资历浅,所以第一批就走人了。
LL: Oh that is too bad! How is John holding up, now that he doesn"t have a job?
XY: 我想,还可以吧,他现在正到处找工作呢!
LL: I"m glad John"s holding up, and I hope he finds a new job soon.
XY: 他那么聪明,肯定很快就能找到新工作。
LL: Hearing about John"s situation makes me a little embarrassed that I"m worried about holding up while Li Hua is gone.
XY: 虽说John的处境比你更糟糕,但是思念自己的女朋友,也没有什么可不好意思的。
LL: You know, Xiaoyan, I wonder if Li Hua is missing me?
XY: Gee whiz, Larry! I wonder how she is holding up in China without you? 她会不会跟你一样度日如年呢?
LL: Li Hua can really take care of herself. If I know Li Hua, she"s holding up just fine!
我们今天学习了两个常用语。一个是gee whiz, 是表示惊讶的意思。另一个是holding up 是勉强,凑合的意思。