对西方人来说,面包跟黄油似乎是不可分开的。他们吃面包的时候往往在面包的一面涂上黄油。我们今天要讲的第二个习惯用语就来自西方人的这个习惯。To know which side one"s bread is buttered on. Butter就是黄油。在这个俗语里,butter是用做动词,后面还加上ed。To know which side one"s bread is buttered on从字面来解释,它的意思就是:一个人要知道他的面包是哪一面上了黄油的。这当然是指上了黄油的那一边味道更好。作为俗语,它的意思就是:一个人在某种情况下很明白什么人会对他有好处,怎么做才对自己有利。下面是一个人在讲他那非常会拍马屁的同事。
例句3: Fred sure knows which side his bread is buttered on. After the old boss retired, Fred"s been chasing after the new boss exactly the same way.
这个人说:弗雷德可真明白谁对自己有用,因此尽量地讨好老板。自从他以前的老板退休以后,他就跟以前一摸一样地去拍新老板的马屁。
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可是,不见得每个人都会这样做。下面就是一个人在说他的朋友。
例句4: Jeff is a very honest person. He knows very well which side his bread is buttered on, but when the company treasurer pressured him to take part in his scheme, he not only refused, but reported to the board of directors.
这个人说:杰夫是一个很诚实的人。他非常明白谁对他有好处。但是当公司负责财务的人迫使他参与他的阴谋的时候,他不但拒绝了,而且还向董事会报告了。
流行美语第222课
Larry和李华在一个大商场里买东西,那里非常拥挤。李华今天学会两个常用语my bad 和back in the day。
LL: My bad! I didn"t mean to step on your foot, Li Hua. It"s just that there are so many people at the mall today.
LH: My bad? Bad不是坏的意思吗?这儿人确实很多,你不小心踩到我的脚,为什么说my bad? My bad是什么意思呀?
LL: Oh, That"s my bad, too. I should have explained what "my bad" means. It is a very informal way of apologizing without actually saying "I"m sorry."
LH: 原来my bad是表示道歉,但是是很不正式的道歉。 什么时候用my bad,什么时候用I"m sorry呢?
LL: Because you are my friend, and stepping on your foot was a pretty minor thing, I said "my bad." I"d say "I"m sorry" for something more serious - or if you were my boss.
LH: 明白了,my bad是对很熟的朋友说的,而且发生的事也不是太严重,就像不小心踩了脚这类小事。要我是你的老板,你就不能说my bad!
LL: Yeah, that"s right. Say, would you like to get out of the crowd and stop for a cup of coffee in that shop over there?
LH: 你要去那边那个店里喝咖啡?好呀! 可是My bad我没有带现金。
LL: Don"t worry, Li Hua. I"ve got some cash. You can pay me back later.
LH: 谢谢你。 我在这里占着位子,你去买咖啡吧。我要一杯摩卡拿铁咖啡。
(Sounds of busy restaurant/cash register transaction as Larry gets coffee)
LH: Okay, Li Hua, here is your latte. Oh-My bad! I now remember you wanted a mocha latte. I got the wrong drink.
LH: 没关系,不是摩卡拿铁也没关系。 Larry,递我一张餐巾纸,好不好?
LL: Sure, here"s a napkin.
LH: Oops, My bad! 对不起, 我把咖啡撒了!
LL: Here let me help you clean that up.
LH: 谢谢你,幸亏你拿了好多餐巾纸,否则还真没法收拾。
LL: Agh! Now it"s my bad! I"ve spilled my coffee, too. (laughs)
LH: (Also laughing) 你的咖啡也撒了。Larry, 我们赶快走吧, 不然不知又会出什么事,那样我们就会没完没了地说my bad !
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LL: I can"t believe how rude people are at the mall. I know it is crowded, but back in the day people were much more polite.
LH: 没错,有的人真是没有礼貌。Larry,你说back in the day人们都很有礼貌,back in the day是指哪一天呢?
LL: No, no, Li Hua. "Back in the day" is a general expression referring to a time in the past when things were better than they are now.
LH: 噢,back in the day就是指过去,而不是指哪一天。你是说过去美国人都很有礼貌?
LL: Yes, back in the day a man would have taken the time to open a door for a lady, especially if she was carrying packages.
LH: 我遇到过这种情况。上次我去看牙,进大楼的时候,前面那个男子看见我也是进那大楼,就把门开开,等着让我先进去。Larry,你是说以前都是这样的吗?
LL: Yes, and life was much simpler. There were no computers and cell phones back in the day. Now it is rush, rush, rush.
LH: 没错,过去生活是比较简单,别说没有电脑和手机,我们小时候连彩色电视也很少。现在每个人都好像匆匆忙忙,不知道怎么回事。
LL: And can you believe it? Before e-mail, back in the day people wrote letters with their own hands!!!
LH: 自从有了电子邮件后,现在拿起笔来写信的人恐怕是很少了,可是我很喜欢收到别人亲笔写给我的信,因为那让我感到很亲切。
LL: I agree with you. But, then again, I guess not everything back in the day was so great.
LH: 是啊, 过去也不是样样都好。 我父亲常对我说, 他小时候上学要走很远的路。现在的孩子们就幸福多了,可以坐校车。
LL: You know, my dad says the same thing. He would tell me I was so lucky, because back in the day he had to walk five miles to school.
LH: 你爸爸上学要走五里路。我爸爸更苦,他不仅走路还要背着几十斤重的课本呢。
LL:I agree. Li Hua, let"s take the bus and go home. Oh, let me open the door for you.
LH: 谢谢你, Larry, 你真希望有更多像你这样有礼貌的年轻人。
今天李华学到了两个常用语。一个是my bad, 意思是对不起起。还有一个是back in the day, 意思是过去。
美国习惯用语第223讲
在中国,南方人每天三顿饭爱吃米饭,北方人喜欢吃面食。而西方人天天吃面包。面包是他们生活中不可缺少的一部份,就像米饭跟馒头对中国人一样重要。同时,他们吃面包的时候一般都要在面包上涂黄油。因此,黄油加面包成了西方人最基本的食品。今天我们就要给大家介绍两个以黄油这个字为主的习惯用语。黄油在英文里就是:Butter.
以前美国人在吃面包的时候总是在面包上面涂上厚厚的一层黄油。但是,那时候人们还不太关心自己的胆固醇是不是太高了,吃的脂肪是不是太多了。现在,由于人们越来越关心自己的健康,所以许多人都吃那种用植物油做的黄油。可是,在五十年前,人们根本看不起这种代用品。现在美国人饭桌上的黄油可能比以前少多了,但是在日常讲话的时候,butter这个字还是经常出现的。我们先来讲一个用的非常普遍的习惯用语。Bread and butter. Bread and butter的意思就是生活最基本的需要,例如,食品、住房、衣服等。有的人把自己的工作叫做bread and butter。
下面就是一个例子。这是一个刚从大学毕业的年轻人,他发现在目前经济不是很景气的时候想要找个好的工作很不容易,所以他只好到工资很低的地方去工作。他对他的朋友说:
例句-1:Cooking hamburgers at MacDonald"s is not the job I expected to get with my degree in business administration. But at least it"s my bread and butter until I find a job that suits my education better.
他说:我有一个企业管理的学位,在麦当劳做汉堡宝本来不是我想要的工作。但是,在我找到一个跟我的学识比较相配的工作前,现在的工作至少能让我过日子。
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有的人在一个工作岗位上能够工作几十年,然而有的人不管做什么都持续不久,不到一年半载就要换工作。下面这个例子是一个人在劝说他的朋友:
例句2:Michael, you"ve changed three jobs in a year. It seems that no job suits you, either the pay was too low or the manager was nasty. It"s not easy to find a job nowadays. You"d better stay on with your job; at least it"s your bread and butter.
这个人说: 麦克,你一年内换了三个工作。好像什么工作都不适合你。不是工资太低,就是经理太厉害。这些日子要找工作可不容易。你还是继续在现在的公司里做下去,至少它能提供你基本的生活需要。
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下面我们再给大家介绍一个以butter为主的习惯用语。To butter up someone. 大家要注意的是butter这个字在这里是当作动词用,意思就是:涂黄油。但是,to butter up someone并不是把黄油涂在谁的身上。作为习惯用语,to butter up someone就是一个人为了从某人那里得到好处而拍他的马屁。我们来举一个例子:
例句3:Since the word came out David will be promoted to vice president, everybody in the office is busy trying to butter him up except Joseph. Joseph is an honest person, he just doesn"t know how to say things that are not true.
这句话的意思是:自从消息传开说戴维德将被提升为副总经理以来,办公室里每个人,除了约瑟夫以外,都忙着拍他的马屁。约瑟夫是个老实人,他就是不知道怎么说假话。
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从上面这个例句听来,似乎不拍马屁的人属于少数,可是在实际生活中,不愿意这样做的人也不少。下面说话的人就是一个例子: